It is apparent from a variety of studies that beta-carotene is essential in striving for the recommended vitamin A intake. In cases of a poor vitamin A status due to low intake of preformed vitamin A, the current recommendations for beta-carotene in the range of 2-4 mg per day still might not sufficiently correct the individual vitamin A status.

In their consensus answer the experts conclude that ignoring inter-individual differences in the ability to convert beta-carotene to vitamin A and assuming that intakes of preformed retinol do not change, it should be ensured that the current recommended intakes of beta-carotene are attained. At the same time, people with an inadequate intake of preformed vitamin A should increase consumption to 7 mg per day, based on a realistic and now in the scientific community generally accepted conversion efficiency of 1:12 (12 milligrams of beta-carotene are necessary to form one milligram of vitamin A). This should ensure that at least 95% of the population meet the recommended intakes of total vitamin A.

Individuals with reduced conversion efficiencies due to a genetic variability in beta-carotene metabolism might need to increase their daily intakes even further. This is currently being investigated.

No functional difference between natural and synthetic beta-carotene

According to the experts, there is no difference in function between naturally occurring and chemically synthesized beta-carotene, whereas there is a difference in bioavailability from different food sources. In humans, the predominant molecular type is 'all-trans beta-carotene', used for most dietary supplements and fortified foods; it is absorbed preferentially compared to other forms.

As the general population is not obtaining sufficient beta-carotene from fruit and vegetables, foods fortified or colored with beta-carotene and dietary supplements can be important contributors to the daily supply of vitamin A.

SOURCE CommuniPoweR Wolfgang Zoell